For decades, leading researchers in the fields of sociology, anthropology, political science, theology, and more have turned their attention to studying congregations. Here you will find some of the latest research and you can search the extensive bibliography we’ve compiled.
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Abellanosa, Rhoderick and John Suarez. 2020. “The Church as a Sacrament in a Time of Pandemic: The Philippine Experience.” Studies in World Christianity 26(3):261-80. doi: 10.3366/swc.2020.0309.

Acevedo, Gabriel A., Reed T. DeAngelis, Jordan Farrell, and Brandon Vaidyanathan. 2022. “Is it the Sermon or the Choir? Pastoral Support, Congregant Support, and Worshiper Mental Health.” Review of Religious Research 64 (4): 577-600.

Adams, Jimi. 2007. “Stained Glass Makes The Ceiling Visible: Organizational Opposition to Women in Congregational Leadership.” Gender & Society 21(1):80-105. (Article)

Adler, Gary. 2012. “An Opening in the Congregational Closet? Boundary-Bridging Culture and Membership Privileges for Gays and Lesbians in Christian Religious Congregations.” Social Problems 59(2): 177-206. (Article)

Adler Jr., Gary J. and Stephen Offutt. 2017. “The Gift Economy of Direct Transnational Civic Action: How Reciprocity and Inequality Are Managed in Religious “Partnerships”.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 56(3):600-19. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/jssr.12369.

Adler, Gary J. and Brian Starks. 2018. “What Veteran Parishes Can Teach Us: How Long-Serving Spanish-Language Ministries Successfully Integrate Latinos within the Parish.” Journal of Prevention & Intervention in the Community 46(4):340-54. doi: 10.1080/10852352.2018.1507495.

Adler, Gary J., Tricia C. Bruce and Brian Starks, eds. 2019. American Parishes: Remaking Local Catholicism. New York: Fordham University Press.

Ahmed, Abdul-Azim. 2020. “Thinking Congregationally About British Muslims.” Islam and Christian–Muslim Relations:1-26. doi: 10.1080/09596410.2020.1732171.

Alder, Douglas D. 2018. “The Mormon Ward: Congregation or Community?”. Journal of Mormon History 44(1):150-73. doi: 10.5406/jmormhist.44.1.0150.

Ammerman, Nancy Tatom. 1987. Bible Believers: Fundamentalists in the Modern World. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press. (Amazon)

Ammerman, Nancy Tatom. 1997. Congregation and Community. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press. (Amazon)

Ammerman, Nancy T. 1997. “Golden Rule Christianity: Lived Religion in the American Mainstream.” Pp. 196-216 in Lived Religion in America: Toward a History of Practice, edited by David Hall. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Ammerman, Nancy Tatom. 2001. “Still Gathering After All These Years: Congregations in U.S. Cities.” In A. Walsh (Ed.), Can Charitable Choice Work? Covering Religion’s Impact on Urban Affairs and Social Services. Hartford, CT: The Leonard E. Greenberg Center for the Study of Religion and Public Life, Trinity College. (Amazon)

Ammerman, Nancy Tatom. 2005. Pillars of Faith: American Congregations and Their Partners. Berkeley, Cal.: University of California Press. (Amazon)

Ammerman, Nancy T. 2014. Everyday Life, People of Faith, and Lessons for Those Who Seek to Lead Them. Colloquium: The Australian and New Zealand Theological Review 46 (1):3-17.

Ammerman, Nancy T. 2018. “Foreword: From the USA to Europe and Back.” Pp. v-xvi in Congregations in Europe, edited by C. Monnot and J. Stolz. New York: Springer.

Ammerman, Nancy T. 2019. “Studying Parishes: Lessons and New Directions from the Study of Congregations.” in American Parishes: Remaking Local Catholicism, edited by G. J. Adler, T. C. Bruce and B. Starks. New York: Fordham University Press.

Ammerman, Nancy Tatom, and Wade Clark Roof (Eds.). 1995. Work, Family, and Religion in Contemporary Society. New York: Routledge. (Amazon)

Ammerman, Nancy T., Jackson W. Carroll, Carl S. Dudley, and William McKinney (Eds.). 1998. Studying Congregations: A New Handbook. Nashville: Abingdon. (Amazon)

Anderson, S. L., Martinez, J. H., Hoegeman, C., Adler, G., & Chaves, M. 2008. “Dearly Departed: How Often Do Congregations Close?” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 47 (2): 321-328. (Article)

Arbuckle, Gerald A. S. M. 1990. Earthing the Gospel: An Inculturation Handbook. Orbis. (Amazon)

Azzara, Monique. 2019. “Grappling with the Impermanence of Place: A Black Baptist Congregation in South Los Angeles.” City & Society 31(1):77-93. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/ciso.12203.

Baker, Christopher. 2013. Moral Freighting and Civic Engagement: A UK Perspective on Putnam and Campbell’s Theory of Religious-Based Social Action. Sociology of Religion 74 (3):343-369.

Bane, M. J. 2005. “The Catholic Puzzle: Parishes and Civic Lives.” In M. J. Bane, B. Coffin, & R. Higgins (Eds.), Taking Faith Seriously: Valuing and Evaluating Religion in American Democracy. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. (Amazon)

Barnes, Sandra L. 2011. “Black Church Sponsorship of Economic Programs: A Test of Survival and Liberation Strategies.” Review of Religious Research 53(1):23-40.

Barnes, Sandra L. 2015. “To Educate, Equip, and Empower: Black Church Sponsorship of Tutoring or Literary Programs.” Review of Religious Research 57(1):111-29. doi: 10.1007/s13644-014-0173-2.

Barron, Jessica and Rhys Williams. 2017. The Urban Church Imagined. New York: NYU Press.

Bartkowski, John, and Helen A. Regis. 2003. Charitable Choices: Religion, Race, and Poverty in the Post-Welfare Era. New York: New York University Press. (Amazon)

Baruth, Meghan, Melissa Bopp, Benjamin L. Webb, and Jane A. Peterson. 2015. “The Role and Influence of Faith Leaders on Health-Related Issues and Programs in their Congregation.” Journal of Religion and Health 54 (5): 1747-1759.

Bass, Diana Butler. 2002. Strength for the Journey: A Pilgrimage of Faith in Community. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. (Amazon)

Baumann, Roger. 2023. “Race, Religion, and Global Solidarities: W.E.B. Du Bois and “The Black Church” as a Contested Category.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion.

Bean, Lydia. 2014. The Politics of Evangelical Identity: Local Churches and Partisan Divides in the United States and Canada. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. (Amazon)

Becker, Penny Edgell. 1999. Congregations in Conflict: Cultural Models of Local Religious Life. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Amazon)

Ben-Lulu, Elazar. 2021. ““Let Us Bless the Twilight”: Intersectionality of Traditional Jewish Ritual and Queer Pride in a Reform Congregation in Israel.” Journal of Homosexuality 68(1):23-46. doi: 10.1080/00918369.2019.1621555.

Ben-Lulu, Elazar. 2021. “Zooming In and Out of Virtual Jewish Prayer Services During the COVID-19 Pandemic.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 60 (4): 852-870.

Ben-Lulu, Elazar. 2023. “Empathy from the Margins: Observing Beta Israel (Ethiopian Jews) Events in a Reform Jewish Congregation.” Religions 14 (3): 324.

Bendroth, M. 2002. Growing Up Protestant: Parents, Children, and Mainline Churches. Piscataway, N.J.: Rutgers University Press. (Amazon)

Bereza, Sarah. 2017. “The Right Kind of Music: Fundamentalist Christianity as Musical and Cultural Practice.” PhD dissertation, Duke University.

Berger, Eric. 2019. “In St. Louis, Mapping How Religion Is Lived — in Sanctuaries Holy and Profane.” Religion News Service. Retrieved: 9 September (https://religionnews.com/2019/09/11/in-st-louis-mapping-how-religion-is-lived-in-sanctuaries-holy-and-profane/).

Berger, Peter L., and Richard John Neuhaus. 1997. To Empower People: From State to Civil Society. Washington: American Enterprise Institute. (Amazon)

Berrelleza, Erick. 2020. “Exclusion in Upscaling Institutions: The Reproduction of Neighborhood Segregation in an Urban Church.” City and Community 19. doi: 10.1111/cico.12474.

Berrelleza, Erick, and Phyllis Zagano. 2019. “What Do U.S. Catholics Think About Women Deacons?” Review of Religious Research 61 (3): 273-284.

Beyerlein, Kraig and Mark Chaves. 2020. “The Political Mobilization of America’s Congregations.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 59(4):663-74. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/jssr.12680.

Beyerlein, Kraig and A. Joseph West. 2017. “Why Congregations Mobilize for Progressive Causes.” Pp. 76-96 in Religion and Progressive Activism: New Stories About Faith and Politics, edited by R. Braunstein, T. N. Fuist and R. Williams. New York: NYU Press.

Bielo, James. 2011. Emerging Evangelicals: Faith, Moderntiy, and the Desire for Authenticity. New York: New York University Press. (Amazon)

Billingsley, Andrew. 2000. Mighty Like a River: The Black Church and Social Reform. New York: Oxford University Press. (Amazon)

Biney, M. O. 2011. From Africa to America: Religion and Adaptation Among Ghanaian Immigrants in New York. New York: New York University Press. (Amazon)

Bobbitt, Linda, Oretha Miller-Davis, Joel Hinck, Susan Modrow, Molly Schroeder, and Ashley Tangen. 2018. “Exaggerated Vitality on Congregation’s Annual Reports?” Review of Religious Research 60 (3): 423-424.

Bok, Jared. 2021. “The Arts in Sacred Spaces: How Religious Conservatism and Cultural Omnivorousness Influence Attitudes About Congregational Involvement in the Arts.” Review of Religious Research. doi: 10.1007/s13644-021-00467-w.

Bok, Jared. 2022. “The Arts in Sacred Spaces: How Religious Conservatism and Cultural Omnivorousness Influence Attitudes About Congregational Involvement in the Arts.” Review of Religious Research 64 (1): 77-101.

Bolger, Daniel, Cleve Tinsley and Elaine Howard Ecklund. 2018. “Heaven and Health: How Black, Latino, and Korean Christians View the Relationship between Faith and Health.” Review of Religious Research 60(3):389-402.

Bolger, Daniel, and Elaine Howard Ecklund. 2018. “Whose Authority? Perceptions of Science Education in Black and Latino Churches.” Review of Religious Research 60 (1): 49-70.

Bolger, Daniel, Cleve Tinsley, and Elaine Howard Ecklund. 2018. “Heaven and Health: How Black, Latino, and Korean Christians View the Relationship Between Faith and Health.” Review of Religious Research 60 (3): 389-402.

Bonhag, Rebecca and Laura Upenieks. 2021. “Mattering to God and to the Congregation: Gendered Effects in Mattering as a Mechanism between Religiosity and Mental Health.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 60(4):890-913. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/jssr.12753.

Bonhag, Rebecca, and Laura Upenieks. 2021. “Mattering to God and to the Congregation: Gendered Effects in Mattering as a Mechanism Between Religiosity and Mental Health.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 60 (4): 890-913.

Boone, C., Brouwer, A., Jacobs, J., van Witteloostuijn, A., & de Zwaan, M. 2012. “Religious Pluralism and Organizational Diversity: An Empirical Test in the City of Zwolle, the Netherlands, 1851–1914.” Sociology of Religion 73(2): 150-173. (Article)

Borell, K., & Gerdner, A. 2013. “Cooperation or Isolation? Muslim Congregations in a Scandinavian Welfare State: A Nationally Representative Survey from Sweden.” Review of Religious Research 55: 557-571. (Article)

Brasher, B. E. 1998. Godly Women: Fundamentalism and Female Power. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press. (Amazon)

Braunstein, Ruth, Todd Nicholas Fuist and Rhys Williams, eds. 2017. Religion and Progressive Activism: New Stories About Faith and Politics. New York: NYU Press.

Brenneman, Robert, and Brian J. Miller. 2020. Building Faith: A Sociology of Religious Structures. New York: Oxford University Press.

Brewer, Earl D. C., Jr., Theodore H. Runyon, Barbara B. Pittard, and Harold McSwain. 1967. Protestant Parish: A Case Study of Rural and Urban Parish Patterns. Atlanta: Communicative Arts Press. (Amazon)

Brooke, Petra. 2023. “Professionalism and faith: a case study of Salvation Army congregational social work in Norway.” Journal of Comparative Social Work 18 (1): 5-33.

Brown, R. Khari, Ronald E. Brown, and James S. Jackson. 2021. Race and the Power of Sermons on American Politics. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.

Brown, R. Khari, Ronald E. Brown, and Randall Wyatt. 2023. “Race, Religion, and Black Lives Matter: Assessing the Association between Sermon Content and Racial Justice Attitudes and Behaviors.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion.

Brown, R. Khari, Edwin Eschler, and Ronald E. Brown. 2021. “Political Congregations, Race, and Environmental Policy Attitudes.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 60 (2): 309-331.

Brown, R. Khari, Robert Joseph Taylor and Linda M. Chatters. 2013. “Religious Non-Involvement among African Americans, Black Caribbeans and Non-Hispanic Whites: Findings from the National Survey of American Life.” Review of Religious Research 55(3):435-57. doi: 10.1007/s13644-013-0111-8.

Browning, Donald S. 1991. A Fundamental Practical Theology. Minneapolis: Fortress. (Amazon)

Burchardt, Marian. 2013. Faith-Based Humanitarianism: Organizational Change and Everyday Meanings in South Africa. Sociology of Religion 74 (1):30-55.

Cafferata, Gail. 2020. The Last Pastor: Faithfully Steering a Closing Church. Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox.

Cafferata, Gail. 2020. “Gender, Judicatory Respect and Pastors’ Well-Being in Closing Churches.” Review of Religious Research 62 (2): 369-387.

Calvillo, Jonathan E., and Stanley R. Bailey. 2015. Latino Religious Affiliation and Ethnic Identity. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 54 (1):57-78.

Campbell, Heidi, ed. 2013. Digital Religion: Understanding Religion in a New Media World. New York: Routledge. (Amazon)

Carnes, Tony, and Anna Karpathakis (Eds.). 2001. New York Glory: Religions in the City. New York: New York University Press. (Amazon)

Carroll, Jackson W. (Ed.). 1977. Small Churches are Beautiful. New York: Harper & Row. (Amazon)

Carroll, Jackson W. 1991. As One With Authority: Reflective Leadership in Ministry. Louisville: Westminster/John Knox. (Amazon)

Carroll, Jackson W. 2006. God’s Potters: Pastoral Leadership and the Shaping of Congregations. Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans.

Carroll, Jackson W., and Wade Clark Roof. 2002. Bridging Divided Worlds. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.

Carroll, J. W., Dudley, C. S., & McKinney, W. 1986. Handbook for Congregational Studies. Nashville: Abingdon Press. (Amazon)

Cavendish, James. 2022. “Religion as a Resource in an Increasingly Polarized Society.” Sociology of Religion 84 (1): 1-15.

Chaves, Mark. 1999. Ordaining Women: Culture and Conflict in Religious Organizations. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. (Amazon)

Chaves, Mark. 1999. “Religious Congregations and Welfare Reform: Who Will Take Advantage of ‘Charitable Choice’?” American Sociological Review 64:836-846. (Article)

Chaves, Mark. 2004. Congregations in America. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. (Amazon)

Chaves, Mark, and Allison Eagle. 2015. Religious Congregations in 21st Century America: National Congregations Study. Duke University.

Chaves, M., & Anderson, S. L. 2014. Changing American Congregations: Findings from the Third Wave of the National Congregations Study. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 53(4): 676-686. (Article)

Chen, C. 2008. Getting Saved in America: Taiwanese Immigration and Religious Experience. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. (Amazon)

Cherry, Stephen M. 2014. Faith, Family, and Filipino American Community Life. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press. (Amazon)

Chong, Kelly H. 1998. “What It Means to Be Christian: The Role of Religion in the Construction of Ethnic Identity and Boundary Among Second-Generation Korean Americans.” Sociology of Religion 59:259-286. (Article)

Chou, Hui-Tzu G. 2008. “The Impact of Congregational Characteristics on Conflict-Related Exit.” Sociology of Religion 69(1):93-108. (Article)

Cimino, Richard, K. T. Chun, and Lina Villegas. 2018. “Denominational Drift Among New Ethnic Churches.” Review of Religious Research 60 (2): 275-276

Cimino, Richard, Nadia A. Mian and C. Julia Huang, eds. 2013. Ecologies of Faith in New York City: The Evolution of Religious Institutions in New York City. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.

Clark, William A. and Daniel Gast, eds. 2017. Collaborative Parish Leadership: Contexts, Models, Theology. Lanham: Lexington Books.

Clements, Ben, and Stephen Bullivant. 2022. “Why Younger Catholics Seem More Committed: Survivorship Bias and/or “Creative Minority” Effects among British Catholics.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 61 (2): 450-475

Cnaan, Ram A. 1999. The Newer Deal: Social Work and Religion in Partnership. New York: Columbia University Press. (Amazon)

Cnaan, R. A., Boddie, S. C., Handy, F., Yancey, G. I., & Schneider, R. 2002. The Invisible Caring Hand: American Congregations and the Provision of Welfare. New York: New York University Press. (Amazon)

Cobb, R. J., Perry, S. L., & Dougherty, K. D. 2015. United by Faith? Race/Ethnicity, Congregational Diversity, and Explanations of Racial Inequality. Sociology of Religion 76(2): 177-198. (Article)

Collier-Thomas, B. 2010. Jesus, Jobs, and Justice: African American Women and Religion. New York: Knopf Doubleday. (Amazon)

Corcoran, Katie E., Stephanie M. House-Niamke, Warren Bird, and Scott L. Thumma. 2022. “Eating Your Cake and Having it Too: US Megachurches and Factors Associated with Attending Multiple Congregations.” Review of Religious Research 64 (4): 807-828.

Corcoran, Katie E., Rachel E. Stein, Corey J. Colyer, and Brittany M. Kowalski. 2021. “Familial Ties, Location of Occupation, and Congregational Exit in Geographically-Based Congregations: A Case Study of the Amish.” Review of Religious Research 63 (2): 245-268.

Corcoran, Katie E., Rachel E. Stein, Corey J. Colyer and Brittany M. Kowalski. 2021. “Familial Ties, Location of Occupation, and Congregational Exit in Geographically-Based Congregations: A Case Study of the Amish.” Review of Religious Research 63(2):245-68. doi: 10.1007/s13644-020-00438-7.

Crosby, Robert G., Erin I. Smith, Robert G. LaChausse, Leon Blanchette, and Gregory J. Palardy. 2021. “Practices of Supportive Church Children’s Ministries: An Exploratory Multilevel Investigation of Church of the Nazarene Congregations in the United States.” Review of Religious Research 63 (3): 381-409.

Crosby, Robert G., Erin I. Smith, Robert G. LaChausse, Leon Blanchette and Gregory J. Palardy. 2021. “Practices of Supportive Church Children’s Ministries: An Exploratory Multilevel Investigation of Church of the Nazarene Congregations in the United States.” Review of Religious Research 63(3):381-409. doi: 10.1007/s13644-021-00446-1.

Davie, Jodie Shapiro. 1995. Women in the Presence: Constructing Community and Seeking Spirituality in Mainline Protestantism. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. (Amazon)

Day, Katie. 2001. Difficult Conversations: Taking Risks, Acting with Integrity. Silver Spring, Md.: The Alban Institute. (Amazon)

de Castro, Cristina Maria. 2023. “Adherence, Religious Practice, and Gender: a Study of Messianic Judaism in Belo Horizonte, Brazil.” International Journal of Latin American Religions. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41603-023-00207-8.

de Roest, Hendrik Pieter. 2013. ‘Losing a Common Space to Connect’: An Inquiry into Inside Perspectives on Church Closure Using Visual Methods. International Journal of Practical Theology 17 (2):292-313.

Delehanty, Jack. 2023. Making Moral Citizens: How Faith-Based Organizers Use Vocation for Public Action. Durham, NC: University of North Carolina Press.

Denny, Frederick. 1987. Islam and the Muslim Community. San Francisco: Harper & Row. (Amazon)

Denton, Melinda Lundquist, and Jeremy E. Uecker. 2018. “What God has Joined Together: Family Formation and Religion among Young Adults.” Review of Religious Research 60 (1): 1-22.

DeYoung, Curtiss, Michael O. Emerson, George Yancey, and Karen J. Chai. 2003. United by Faith: Multiracial Congregations as a Response to the Racial Divide. New York: Oxford University Press. (Amazon)

Diamond, Etan. 2000. And I Will Dwell in Their Midst: Orthodox Jews in Suburbia. Chapel Hill, N.C.: University of North Carolina Press. (Amazon)

DiSalvo, Katherine. 2008. “Understanding An Outlier: How Parish Culture Matters In A Highly Participatory Catholic Church.” Review of Religious Research 49(4):438-455. (Article)

Djupe, Paul A. and Brian R. Calfano. 2012. “The Deliberative Pulpit? The Democratic Norms and Practices of the PCUSA.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 51(1):90-109. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5906.2011.01623.x.

Djupe, P. A., & Gilbert, C. P. 2009. The Political Influence of Churches. New York: Cambridge University Press. (Amazon)

Djupe, Paul A., Claire C. Gilliland, and Shayla F. Olson. 2023. “Are Online Congregations Representative? Exploring Resource and Political Differences.” Review of Religious Research 65 (2).

Dodson, Jualynne E., and Cheryl Townsend Gilkes. 1995. “There’s Nothing Like Church Food.” Journal of the American Academy of Religion 63:519-538. (Article)

Dolan, Jay P. (Ed.). 1987. The American Catholic Parish: A History from 1850 to the Present. New York: Paulist. (Amazon)

Dolan, Jay P. 1994. “Patterns of Leadership in the Congregation.” Pp. 225-256 in American Congregations, edited by James P Wind and James W Lewis. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. (Amazon)

Dollhopf, E. J., & Scheitle, C. P. 2013. “Decline and Conflict: Causes and Consequences of Leadership Transitions in Religious Congregations.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 52(4): 675-697. (Article)

Dorsey, Gary. 1995. Congregation: The Journey Back to Church. New York: Viking. (Amazon)

Dougherty, Kevin D. and Mark T. Mulder. 2020. “Worshipping Local? Congregation Proximity, Attendance, and Neighborhood Commitment.” Review of Religious Research 62(1):27-44. doi: 10.1007/s13644-019-00387-w.

Dougherty, Kevin D. and Kimberly R. Huyser. 2008. “Racially Diverse Congregations: Organizational Identity and the Accommodation of Differences.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 47(1):23-44. (Article)

Dougherty, Kevin D., Mark Chaves and Michael O. Emerson. 2020. “Racial Diversity in U.S. Congregations, 1998–2019.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 59(4):651-62. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/jssr.12681.

Dougherty, Kevin D., Brandon C. Martinez and Gerardo Martí. 2015. “Congregational Diversity and Attendance in a Mainline Protestant Denomination.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 54(4):668-83. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/jssr.12229.

Douglass, H. Paul. 1927. The Church in the Changing City. New York: Doran.

Draper, Scott. 2014. Effervescence and Solidarity in Religious Organizations. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 53 (2):229-248.

Draper, Scott. 2021. “Effervescence Accelerators: Barriers to Outsiders in Christian Interaction Rituals.” Sociology of Religion 82 (3): 357-379.

Du Bois, W. E. B. 1903 [2003]. The Negro Church: Report of a Social Study Made under the Direction of Atlanta University. Walnut Creek, Cal.: AltaMira. (Amazon)

Ducey, Michael. 1977. Sunday Morning: Aspects of Urban Ritual. New York: Free Press. (Amazon)

Dudley, Carl S. 1991. Basic Steps Toward Community Ministries. Washington: Alban Institute. (Amazon)

Dudley, Carl S. 1996. Next Steps in Community Ministry. Bethesda, Maryland: Alban Institute. (Amazon)

Dudley, Carl S. 1997. How Churches Launch New Community Ministries. Bloomington: Indiana University.

Dudley, Carl S., and Nancy T Ammerman. 2002. Congregations in Transition. San Francisco: Jossey Bass. (Amazon)

Dugandzic, Audra. 2021. “Reconnecting Religion and Community in a Small City: How Urban Amenities Afford Religious Amenities.” Sociology of Religion 83 (4): 434-458.

Eagle, David E., Erin Johnston, Jennifer Headley, and Anna Holleman. 2022. “The Financial Impacts of COVID-19 on United Methodist Churches in North Carolina: a Qualitative Study of Pastors’ Perspectives and Strategies.” Review of Religious Research 64 (2): 399-420.

Ebaugh, Helen Rose, and Janet Saltzman Chafetz. 1999. “Agents for Cultural Reproduction and Structural Change: The Ironic Role of Women in Immigrant Religious Institutions.” Social Forces 78:585-613. (Article)

Ebaugh, Helen Rose, and Janet Saltzman Chafetz. 2000. Religion and the New Immigrants: Continuities and Adaptations in Immigrant Congregations. Walnut Creek, Cal.: Altamira Press. (Amazon)

Ebaugh, H. R., & Chafetz, J. S. 2000. “Dilemmas of Language in Immigrant Congregations: The Tie that Binds or the Tower of Babel?” Review of Religious Research. 41(4): 432-452. (Article)

Ebaugh, H. R., & Chafetz, J. S. 2000. “Structural Adaptations in Immigrant Congregations.” Sociology of Religion 61(2): 135-153. (Article)

Ebaugh, H. R., Pipes, P. F., Chafetz, J. S., & Daniels, M. 2003. “Where’s the Religion? Distinguishing Faith-Based from Secular Social Service Agencies.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 42(3): 411-426. (Article)

Ebaugh, Helen Rose, Jennifer O’Brien, and Janet Saltzman Chafetz. 2000. “The Social Ecology of Residential Patterns and Membership in Immigrant Churches.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 39:107-116. (Article)

Ecklund, Elaine H. 2006. “Organizational Culture and Women’s Leadership: A Study of Six Catholic Parishes.” Sociology of Religion 67(1):81-98. (Article)

Ecklund, Elaine Howard, Yi-Ping Shih, Michael O. Emerson and Samuel H. Kye. 2013. “Rethinking the Connections between Religion and Civic Life for Immigrants: The Case of the Chinese Diaspora.” Review of Religious Research 55(2):209-29. doi: 10.1007/s13644-012-0095-9.

Edgell, P. 2005. Religion and Family in a Changing Society. Princeton: Princeton University Press. (Amazon)

Becker, Penny Edgell, and Nancy L. Eiesland (Eds.). 1997. Contemporary American Religion: An Ethnographic Reader. Walnut Creek, Cal.: AltaMira Press. (Amazon)

Edwards, K. E. 2008. The Elusive Dream: The Power of Race in Interracial Churches. New York: Oxford University Press. (Amazon)

Edwards, Korie L and Rebecca Kim. 2019. “Estranged Pioneers: The Case of African American and Asian American Multiracial Church Pastors.” Sociology of Religion 80(4):456-77. doi: 10.1093/socrel/sry059.

Eiesland, N. L. (1997). “Contending with a Giant: The Impact of a Megachurch on Exurban Religious Institutions.” In P. E. Becker & N. L. Eiesland (Eds.), Contemporary American Religion (pp. 191-220). Walnut Creek, Cal.: AltaMira Press. (Amazon)

Eiesland, Nancy. 2000. A Particular Place: Urban Restructuring and Religious Ecology. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press. (Amazon)

Ellingson, Stephen. 2009. “The Rise of the Megachurches and Changes in Religious Culture: Review Article.” Sociology Compass 3(1):16-30. (Article)

Ellison, C. G., & George, L. K. 1994. “Religious Involvement, Social Ties and Social Support in a Southeastern Community.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 33(1): 46-61. (Article)

Ellison, C., G., Krause, N., Shepherd, B. C., & Chaves, M. 2009. “Size, Conflict, and Opportunities for Interaction: Congregational Effects on Members’ Anticipated Support and Negative Interaction.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 48(1), 1-15. (Article)

Emerson, M. O. and Karen Chai Kim. 2003. “Multiracial Congregations: An Analysis of Their Development and a Typology.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 42(2): 217-228. (Article)

Emerson, Michael O., and Christian Smith. 2000. Divided by Faith: Evangelical Religion and the Problem of Race in America. New York: Oxford University Press. (Amazon)

Evans, J. 2006. “Cooperative Coalitions on the Religious Right and Left: Considering the Resilience of Sectarianism.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 45(2): 195-215. (Article)

Farnsley II, A. E. 2000. “Congregations, Local Knowledge, and Devolution.” Review of Religious Research 42(1): 96-110. (Article)

Farnsley II, Arthur Emery. 2003. Rising Expectations: Urban Congregations, Welfare Reform, and Civic Life. Bloomington, Ind.: Indiana University Press. (Amazon)

Fenton, Allison. 2023. “Negotiating Christening: Mothers, family, and ‘folk religion’.” In Female Faith Practices, edited by Nicola Slee, Dawn Llewellyn, Kim Wasey and Lindsey Taylor-Guthartz. London: Routledge.

Fichter, Joseph. 1954. Social Relations in the Urban Parish. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. (Amazon)

Finke, R. 1994. “The Quiet Transformation: Changes in Size and Leadership of Southern Baptist Churches.” Review of Religious Research 36(1): 3-22. (Article)

Finke, R., & Martin, R. R. 2014. “Ensuring Liberties: Understanding State Restrictions on Religious Freedoms.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 53(4): 687-705. (Article)

Flores, Edward Orozco. 2013. God’s Gangs: Barrio Ministry, Masculinity, and Gang Recovery. New York: New York University Press. (Amazon)

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